Python学习之旅：探索Python的奥秘

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Python简介

Introduction to Python

Python语言是一门跨平台、开源、免费的解释型高级动态编程语言，是一种通用编程语言。而且它简单、易学、易读、应用范围广。

Python is a cross-platform, open source, free interpreted high-level dynamic programming language, which is a general-purpose programming language. And it's simple, easy to learn, easy to read, and has a wide range of applications.

Python是完全面向对象的语言。函数、模块、数字、字符串都是对象。并且完全支持继承、重载、派生、多继承，有益于增强源代码的复用性。Python支持重载运算符和动态类型。相对于Lisp这种传统的函数式编程语言，Python对函数式设计只提供了有限的支持。有两个标准库（functools，itertools）提供了Haskell和Standard ML中久经考验的函数式程序设计工具。

Python is a fully object-oriented language. Functions, modules, numbers, strings are all objects. And it fully supports inheritance, overloading, derivation, and multiple inheritance, which is conducive to enhancing the reusability of source code. Python supports overloaded operators and dynamic typing. Compared to Lisp, a traditional functional programming language, Python provides only limited support for functional design. There are two standard libraries (functools, itertools) that provide proven functional programming tools in Haskell and Standard ML.

Python的设计目标之一是让代码具备高度的可阅读性。它的语言十分简洁、可读性十分高。它设计时尽量使用其它语言经常使用的标点符号和英文单字，让代码看起来整洁美观。它不像其他的静态语言如C、Pascal那样需要重复书写声明语句，也不像它们的语法那样经常有特殊情况和意外。

One of Python's design goals is to make code highly readable. Its language is very concise and readable. It is designed to use punctuation marks and English words that are often used in other languages to make the code look neat and beautiful. It does not require repeated declaration statements like other static languages such as C and Pascal, nor does it often have special cases and surprises like their syntax.

Python应用范围：

Python application range:

图形处理：有PIL、Tkinter等图形库支持，能方便进行图形处理。

Graphics processing: supported by PIL, Tkinter and other graphics libraries, which can facilitate graphics processing.

数学处理：NumPy扩展提供大量与许多标准数学库的接口。

Math processing: The NumPy extension provides a number of interfaces to many standard math libraries.

文本处理：python提供的re模块能支持正则表达式，还提供SGML，XML分析模块，许多程序员利用python进行XML程序的开发。

Text processing: Python provides a re module that supports regular expressions, SGML, XML analysis modules, and many programmers use Python for the development of XML programs.

数据库编程：程序员可通过遵循Python DB-API（应用程序编程接口）规范的模块与Microsoft SQL Server，Oracle，Sybase，DB2，MySQL、SQLite等数据库通信。python自带有一个Gadfly模块，提供了一个完整的SQL环境。

Database programming: Programmers can communicate with databases such as Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, Sybase, DB2, MySQL, SQLite, etc. through modules that follow the Python DB-API (Application Programming Interface) specification. Python comes with a Gadfly module, providing a complete SQL environment.

网络编程：提供丰富的模块支持sockets编程，能方便快速地开发分布式应用程序。很多大规模软件开发计划例如Zope，Mnet 及BitTorrent. Google都在广泛地使用它。

Network programming: Provide rich modules to support sockets programming, which can easily and quickly develop distributed applications. Many large-scale software development projects such as Zope, Mnet and BitTorrent. Google is using it extensively.

Web编程：应用的开发语言，支持最新的XML技术。

Web Programming: Application development language that supports the latest XML technologies.

多媒体应用：Python的PyOpenGL模块封装了“OpenGL应用程序编程接口”，能进行二维和三维图像处理。PyGame模块可用于编写游戏软件。

Multimedia applications: Python's PyOpenGL module encapsulates the "OpenGL Application Programming Interface" for two- and three-dimensional image processing. The PyGame module can be used to write game software.

pymo引擎：PYMO全称为python memories off，是一款运行于Symbian S60V3，Symbian3，S60V5，Symbian3，Android系统上的AVG游戏引擎。

pymo engine: PYMO, full name python memories off, is an AVG game engine running on Symbian S60V3, Symbian3, S60V5, Symbian3, and Android.

黑客编程：python有一个hack的库，内置了你熟悉的或不熟悉的函数。

Hacker programming: Python has a library of hacks with built-in functions that you are familiar with or unfamiliar with.

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翻译来源于谷歌翻译

部分来源于

百度文库

清华大学出版 董付国《Python程序设计基础》

编辑&排版|百味

审核|闫庆红