一周新闻焦点：OpenAI推出文生视频模型Sora，英国邮政系统漏洞引发重大司法丑闻

(Credit: Time)

【热闻1】

OpenAI reveals Sora, a tool to make instant videos from written prompts

OpenAI 发布新模型 Sora：可根据文字提示生成即时视频

(The Washington Post, 2024-2-15)

The maker of ChatGPT, OpenAI, on Thursday unveiled its next leap into generative artificial intelligence with a tool that instantly makes short videos in response to written commands.

2月15日，ChatGPT的开发者——美国开放人工智能研究中心（OpenAI）——公布了在生成式人工智能方面飞跃性的新成果：一款可根据文字指令即时生成短视频的模型。

OpenAI’s new text-to-video generator, called Sora, isn’t the first of its kind. But the high quality of videos displayed by OpenAI—some after CEO Sam Altman asked social media users to send in ideas for written prompts—astounded observers while also raising fears about the ethical and societal implications.

OpenAI 新推出的这款文生视频模型名为 Sora，并非同类产品中的首发。但是，OpenAI 展示的视频以高质量技惊四座，那些视频是首席执行官山姆·阿尔特曼邀请社媒用户将各种想法以文字提示方式发送后由 Sora 即时生成的——这同时也引发了公众对伦理问题和社会影响的担忧。

“An instructional cooking session for homemade gnocchi hosted by a grandmother social media influencer set in a rustic Tuscan country kitchen with cinematic lighting,” was a prompt suggested on X by a freelance photographer from New Hampshire. Altman responded a short time later with a realistic video that depicted what the prompt described.

一位来自新罕布什尔州的自由摄影师在社媒平台 X（原“推特”）上给出了这样一条文字提示：“在托斯卡纳乡土味十足的乡村厨房里，一位网红老奶奶在讲授如何自制意大利团子，场景打光是电影质感的。”没多久，阿尔特曼就回以 Sora 生成的一段逼真视频。

The tool isn’t yet publicly available.

该模型目前尚未公开投入使用。

(Credit: ITV)

【热闻2】

UK Post Office scandal

英国邮政丑闻事件

(The Telegraph, 2024-2-21; BBC, 2024-2-21)

The rollout of Horizon computing software—manufactured by Japanese company Fujitsu—across UK Post Office branches led to the prosecution of more than 900 sub-postmasters between 1999 and 2015. Faults in the software made it look like money was missing and sub-postmasters were charged with theft and false accounting as a result. Some were ordered to undertake community service or sent to prison and four are known to have taken their own lives.

1999年至2015年间，日本富士通公司开发的“地平线”会计软件在英国邮政公司各个支局推广使用，导致900多名邮政支局负责人被起诉。该软件的系统缺陷使大量资金“不翼而飞”（邮局账目与实际现金总额出现较大差距），导致支局负责人被错误指控贪污和做假账。部分受害人被判社区服务或遭受牢狱之灾，目前据知有4人自杀。

In 2017, a group of 555 sub-postmasters took legal action against the Post Office. In 2019, it agreed to pay them £58m in compensation, but much of the money they received was swallowed up by legal fees. Although campaigners won the right to have their cases reconsidered, as at 15 January 2024, only 95 convictions had been overturned.

2017年，555名邮政支局负责人对英国邮政公司采取了法律行动。2019年，该公司同意向这些受害者支付5800万英镑赔偿金，但他们收到的钱大部分都抵偿了律师费。尽管抗议者赢得了法院重审的权利，但截至2024年1月15日，只有95项定罪被推翻。

The Criminal Cases Review Commission (CCRC) said the Horizon scandal was “the most widespread miscarriage of justice the CCRC has ever seen, and represents the biggest single series of wrongful convictions in British legal history”.

英国刑事案件审查委员会（CCRC）表示，邮政公司的“地平线”丑闻是“CCRC迄今所见过的最广泛的司法不公，是英国司法史上最大的系列冤案”。

The issue was highlighted by the ITV drama Mr Bates vs the Post Office, which was broadcast in January 2024.

英国独立电视台于2024年1月播出的电视剧《贝茨先生大战邮局》集中展示了这一事件。