使用C++和SQLite创建命令行工具

本文介绍了一个基于 C++、SQLite 和 Boost 库的简单交互式数据库操作 Shell。该 Shell 允许用户通过命令行输入执行各种数据库操作，包括添加、删除主机信息，设置主机到特定主机组，以及显示主机和主机组列表。通过调用 SQLite3 库实现数据库连接和操作，以及使用 Boost 库进行字符串解析和格式化。该交互式 Shell 提供了一些基本的命令，使用户能够方便地管理主机信息和组织结构。代码结构清晰，易于理解，可根据需要扩展和定制功能。

数据库的基本使用方法请看《C/C++ 通过SQLiteSDK增删改查》这篇文章，针对如何使用Boost解析命令行参数请看《4.9 C++ Boost 命令行解析库》这篇文章，此处只给出实现代码，如下所示；

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS#include <iostream>#include <string>#include <map>#include <vector>#include <time.h>#include "sqlite3.h"#include <boost/format.hpp>#include <boost/tokenizer.hpp>#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>using namespace std;using namespace boost;sqlite3* open_database(std::string database_name){    int ref = -1;    sqlite3 *db = 0;    ref = sqlite3_open(database_name.c_str(), &db);    if (ref == SQLITE_OK)        return db;    return false;}bool close_database(sqlite3 *db){    int ref = sqlite3_close(db);    if (ref == SQLITE_OK)        return true;    return false;}bool exec_sql(sqlite3 *db, char *sql){    char *error_code = 0;    int ref = sqlite3_exec(db, sql, 0, 0, &error_code);    if (ref == SQLITE_OK)    {        return true;    }    return false;}// 初始化创建表结构void Init_Database(){    sqlite3* open_db = open_database("./database.db");    if (open_db != false)    {        std::string sql =            "create table HostDB("            "uid primary key,"            "host_address char(128) not null,"            "host_username char(128) not null,"            "host_password char(128) not null,"            "host_port char(128) not null,"            "host_group char(128) not null default 'DefaultGroup'"            ");";        char run_sql[1024] = { 0 };        strcpy(run_sql, sql.c_str());        exec_sql(open_db, run_sql);    }    close_database(open_db);}// 增加一条主机记录void AddHost_DB(sqlite3* open_db, std::string address, std::string username, std::string password, std::string port){    std::string format_string = boost::str(boost::format("insert into HostDB(host_address,host_username,host_password,host_port) values('%s','%s','%s','%s');") % address %username %password %port);    char run_sql[2048] = { 0 };    strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());    bool ref = exec_sql(open_db, run_sql);    if (ref == true)    {        std::cout << "[+] 增加主机: " << address << " 完成" << std::endl;    }}// 删除特定主机记录void DeleteHost_DB(sqlite3 *open_db, std::string address){    std::string format_string = boost::str(boost::format("delete from HostDB where host_address = '%s';") % address);    char run_sql[2048] = { 0 };    strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());    bool ref = exec_sql(open_db, run_sql);    if (ref == true)    {        std::cout << "[-] 删除主机: " << address << " 完成" << std::endl;    }}// 将特定主机加入到特定主机组void SetHostGroup_DB(sqlite3* open_db, std::string address, std::string group_name){    std::string format_string = boost::str(boost::format("update HostDB set host_group='%s' where host_address = '%s';") % group_name %address);    char run_sql[2048] = { 0 };    strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());    bool ref = exec_sql(open_db, run_sql);    if (ref == true)    {        std::cout << "[+] 主机: " << address << " 已加入到: " << group_name << " 组" << std::endl;    }}// 输出所有主机组void ShowHostGroup_DB(sqlite3 *open_db){    sqlite3_stmt *stmt = 0;    // std::string format_string = "SELECT distinct(host_group) FROM 'HostDB';";    std::string format_string = "SELECT host_group,count(*) FROM HostDB GROUP BY host_group;";    char run_sql[1024] = { 0 };    strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());    int ref = sqlite3_prepare_v2(open_db, run_sql, -1, &stmt, 0);    if (ref == SQLITE_OK)    {        while (sqlite3_step(stmt) == SQLITE_ROW)        {            const unsigned char *host_group = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 0);            int host_group_count = sqlite3_column_int(stmt, 1);            std::cout << host_group << "                    " << host_group_count << std::endl;        }    }    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);}// 输出所有主机void ShowHost_DB(sqlite3 *open_db){    sqlite3_stmt *stmt = 0;    std::string format_string = "select * from HostDB;";    char run_sql[1024] = { 0 };    strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());    int ref = sqlite3_prepare_v2(open_db, run_sql, -1, &stmt, 0);    if (ref == SQLITE_OK)    {        while (sqlite3_step(stmt) == SQLITE_ROW)        {            const unsigned char *host_address = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 1);            const unsigned char *host_username = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 2);            const unsigned char *host_paddword = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 3);            const unsigned char *host_port = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 4);            const unsigned char *host_group = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 5);            std::cout << host_address << "     "                << host_username << "     "                << host_paddword << "     "                << host_port << "     "                << host_group << std::endl;        }    }    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);}// 输出特定主机组中的主机void ShowGroupHostList(sqlite3 *open_db, std::string group_name){    sqlite3_stmt *stmt = 0;    std::string format_string = boost::str(boost::format("select * from HostDB where host_group = '%s';") % group_name);    char run_sql[2048] = { 0 };    strcpy(run_sql, format_string.c_str());    int ref = sqlite3_prepare_v2(open_db, run_sql, -1, &stmt, 0);    if (ref == SQLITE_OK)    {        std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;        std::cout << "主机组: " << group_name << std::endl;        std::cout << "----------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;        while (sqlite3_step(stmt) == SQLITE_ROW)        {            const unsigned char *host_address = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 1);            const unsigned char *host_username = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 2);            const unsigned char *host_port = sqlite3_column_text(stmt, 4);            std::cout << host_address << "     "                << host_username << "     "                << host_port << std::endl;        }    }    sqlite3_finalize(stmt);}int main(int argc, char const *argv[]){    sqlite3* open_db = open_database("./database.db");    Init_Database();    std::string command;    while (1)    {        std::cout << "[ LyShark Shell ] # ";        std::getline(std::cin, command);        if (command.length() == 0)        {            continue;        }        else if (command == "help")        {            std::cout << "帮助菜单" << std::endl;        }        else        {            boost::char_separator<char> sep(", --");            typedef boost::tokenizer<boost::char_separator<char>> CustonTokenizer;            CustonTokenizer tok(command, sep);            std::vector<std::string> vecSegTag;            for (CustonTokenizer::iterator beg = tok.begin(); beg != tok.end(); ++beg)            {                vecSegTag.push_back(*beg);            }            if (vecSegTag.size() == 9 && vecSegTag[0] == "AddHost")            {                if (vecSegTag[1] == "address" && vecSegTag[3] == "username" && vecSegTag[5] == "password" && vecSegTag[7] == "port")                {                    std::string set_address = vecSegTag[2];                    std::string set_username = vecSegTag[4];                    std::string set_password = vecSegTag[6];                    std::string set_port = vecSegTag[8];                    AddHost_DB(open_db, set_address, set_username, set_password, set_port);                }            }            else if (vecSegTag.size() == 3 && vecSegTag[0] == "DeleteHost")            {                if (vecSegTag[1] == "address")                {                    std::string set_address = vecSegTag[2];                    DeleteHost_DB(open_db, set_address);                }            }            else if (vecSegTag.size() == 5 && vecSegTag[0] == "SetHostGroup")            {                if (vecSegTag[1] == "address" && vecSegTag[3] == "group")                {                    std::string set_address = vecSegTag[2];                    std::string set_group = vecSegTag[4];                    SetHostGroup_DB(open_db, set_address, set_group);                }            }            else if (vecSegTag.size() == 1 && vecSegTag[0] == "ShowHost")            {                std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;                std::cout << "IP地址     " << "用户名     " << "密码     " << "端口号     " << "默认组     " << std::endl;                std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;                ShowHost_DB(open_db);            }            else if (vecSegTag.size() == 1 && vecSegTag[0] == "ShowHostGroup")            {                std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;                std::cout << "主机组名     " << "主机数量     " << std::endl;                std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" << std::endl;                ShowHostGroup_DB(open_db);            }            else if (vecSegTag.size() == 3 && vecSegTag[0] == "ShowGroupHostList")            {                if (vecSegTag[1] == "group")                {                    std::string set_group = vecSegTag[2];                    ShowGroupHostList(open_db, set_group);                }            }        }    }    close_database(open_db);    return 0;}

添加主机记录: AddHost --address 192.168.1.1 --username root --password 1233 --port 22

删除主机记录: DeleteHost --address 192.168.1.1

将特定主机设置到主机组: SetHostGroup --address 192.168.1.1 --group WebServer

输出所有主机列表: ShowHost

输出所有主机组: ShowHostGroup

输出特定主机组中的主机: ShowGroupHostList --group DefaultGroup